Medical Coding Tips. The following code (s) above E05. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of J44. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a clinically heterogeneous group of monogenic disorders characterized by ß-cell dysfunction. DM can occur due to an underlying condition, poisoning, adverse effect, or other specified cause. There is a 50% risk over 10 years of progressing to overt diabetes. The code is valid during the current fiscal year for the submission of HIPAA-covered transactions from October 01, 2023 through September 30, 2024. 2 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. In a Swedish study, 44. Cohort 1 was obtained from the health claims database whose diseases were. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 65 may differ. We believe that optimal blood pressure values are approximately 120/70-75 mmHg in younger patients and 125-130/80-85 mmHg in older patients. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of R73. If the type of DM is not documented, chapter-specific guidelines designate. The information herein is not guaranteed to be complete, free of errors, or the most current revision. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM R80. 8% to 9. Patients with GDM were identified based on the following criteria: (1) delivered a baby between 2009 and 2011, (2) had at least one claim under ICD-10 code O244 during a pregnancy period, and (3) did not have a claim for diabetes mellitus (ICD-10 codes E10–14) before pregnancy . (ICD-10). 313 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperosmolarity without nonketotic hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar coma (NKHHC). Drug or chemical induced DM • E10. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Diabetes coding in the NPR has changed over time, with a single diabetes code (250) in the period 1977 to 1986, codes for insulin-dependent (249) and. There is also a code for long-term use of insulin in ICD-10-CM, Z79. 2 may differ. Kendrick JM. 621 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Type 2 diabetes mellitus with foot ulcer. Quick Search Help. BLOG RESPONSE. 9 became effective on October 1, 2023. 628 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 649 Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemia without coma Z79. 4% to 6. Albuminuria is a well-known predictor of poor renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and in essential hypertension (1–4). Background/Purpose To study the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and the incidence of postpartum diabetes in women with overt diabetes and GDM. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is superior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in treating diabetic patients with multivessel. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code E11. E11 Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods We evaluated pregnant women with type 2 diabetes, pregestational or overt. info. Click on any term below to browse the alphabetical index. 69 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with other specified complication. The diagnosis can be made in a woman with fasting plasma glucose value ≥ 126 mg/dl (7. A study looking at hospital morbidity data by Taylor et al. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of R80. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of O62. The following code(s) above T85. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM E02 became effective on October 1, 2023. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of E10 - other international versions of ICD-10 E10 may differ. Among people who have received a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes within the last. ICD-10 Online contains the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision) Search Text : Advanced Search Help. Excludes1: newborn (with hypoglycemia) affected by maternal (pre-existing) diabetes mellitus (P70. The progression of prediabetes to overt type 2 diabetes can be slowed or reversed by lifestyle changes or medications that improve insulin sensitivity or. These codes are only used by hospitals for reporting. AHA Coding Clinic ® for ICD-9 - 2005 Issue 2; Clarifications Infant of Diabetic Mother. E10. 775. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM O10 became effective on October 1, 2023. Diabetes is characterized by a high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) ( 1 ), and poor control of hyperglycemia appears to play a significant role in the development of CVD in diabetes ( 2 ). This section shows you chapter-specific coding guidelines to increase your understanding and correct usage of the target ICD-10-CM Volume 1 code. 01 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperosmolarity with coma. Search Results. 25 Test for gestational diabetes mellitus at 24–28 weeks of gestation in pregnant women not previously found to have diabetes. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM J81. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM E11. Search Quick Search Help. com 1-855-565-9518 (TTY: 711). A subclass of diabetes mellitus that is not insulin-responsive or dependent (niddm). You may use this feature by simply typing the keywords that you're looking for and clicking on one of the items that appear in. Search All ICD-10 Toggle Dropdown. 10. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2015; 131 Suppl 3:S173. Abstract. Within Section I are the chapter-specific guidelines, where you will find the chapter for diabetes: Chapter 4: Endocrine, Nutritional, and Metabolic Diseases (E00-E89). Codes for DM Types. Gestational diabetes is diabetes that develops during pregnancy. 9: Type 2 DM without complications: E11. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 J81. 419 is applicable to female patients aged 12. 0 - other international versions of ICD-10 I11. F44. guidelines and is for general supplemental purposes only. Below are some examples: Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day. GDM is defined as diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy that was not clearly overt diabetes prior to gestation. This chapter includes symptoms, signs, abnormal. ICD-10-CM Coding Rules. 0 became effective on October 1, 2023. 4 may differ. It's caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina). x2 or 250. 32 may differ. All neoplasms, whether functionally active or not. It is the fifth option on the purchase form ( Under the Order tab ) With all the new codes it just did not fit on 4 pages so Im offerin Continue reading >>. ICD-10 code O24. E11. 9 Use when no other complications of diabetes exist. 9. Conclusions: Both GDM and overt diabetes in pregnancy are hyperglycemic conditions first recognized during pregnancy, but the two con-ditions differ in severity; the latter is a more severe form of hyperglycemia associated with worse maternal and fetal outcomes, and a higher risk of postpartum diabetes. Type 1 DM • E11 . 9. 649 Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia E11. 5, -- Fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, P70. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 B35. Anemia is the most common disorder of the blood, and it affects about a quarter of the population in the world. E10. E10. 4 code) during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. ICD-10. Screening and diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus revisited: implications from HAPO. Below are tips for documenting and coding diabetes mellitus (DM). ICD-10-CM Coding Rules. ICD-10-CM Code for Gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, insulin controlled O24. III Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism. 1 - Syndrome of infant of a diabetic mother. 1 - Type 2 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis. Quick search helps you quickly. Type 1 Excludes. 4 - other international versions of ICD-10 O62. What ICD-10 Codes are Used for Diabetes Mellitus? Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance. E66 Overweight and obesity. Quick search helps you quickly navigate to a particular category. #1. 3 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic comp. Codes. 698A may differ. Short description: Non-prs chronic ulcer oth prt right foot w unsp severity The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM L97. M83 Adult. 27 Test women with gestational diabetes mellitus for prediabetes or diabetes at 4–12 weeks postpartum, using the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and clinically appropriate nonpregnancy diagnostic. 81: Metabolic Syndrome. 0 may differ. Background Women with diabetes first diagnosed during pregnancy (overt diabetes) may be at the same risk level of adverse outcomes as those with known pregestational diabetes. Quick search helps you quickly navigate to a particular category. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or decrease or increase in. GDM and overt diabetes (OD), generally known as “diabetes in pregnancy,” are both manifestations of hyperglycemia in pregnancy [72]. 49 contain annotation back-references that may be. ICD-10 Subcodes (9) E11. 1% of subjects whose initial abnormal fasting glucose was 100–109 mg/dl and 24. E09, drug- or chemical-induced diabetes mellitus. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM F44. O24 Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer. The 2024 ICD-10-CM/PCS code sets are now fully loaded on ICD10Data. Applicable To. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM J44. Gestational diabetes also known as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose (blood sugar) levels during pregnancy (especially during their third trimester). 2 became effective on October 1, 2023. 1 may differ. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 32 - other international versions of ICD-10 E71. C. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web. and more. 65 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Recently, MODY-causing mutations have. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM E78. Also be prepared to look for documentation regarding the type of diabetes the patient has, as this can lead you to shift from oneThe Official ICD–10–CM Coding Guidelines; ICD–10–CM Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries; ICD–10–CM Index to Diseases and Injuries; ICD–10–CM External Cause of Injuries Index; ICD–10–CM Table of Neoplasms; ICD–10–CM Table of Drugs and Chemicals; Functionality features include: Search Index for main term or subtermsGuidelines on Using ICD-10 Codes for Diabetes. [2, 3] Of these cases, 80% are related to abnormal glucose control of pregnancy or gestational diabetes mellitus. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) with hyperglycemic disorders during pregnancy (HDPs) in Japan between 2013 and 2018 using two cohorts. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disturbance during pregnancy. 628 became effective on October 1, 2023. 5% and 98. MeSH Codes:, D011236, D018149 ICD 9 Codes: 790. H40. 69 may differ. O62. Get crucial instructions for accurate ICD-10-CM O24. 2. Diabetes mellitus in the puerperium - baby delivered during current episode of care; Postpartum (after pregnancy) diabetes. E00-E07 Disorders of thyroid gland. Incidence of type 2 DM (ICD-10 codes E10–E14) was obtained from Finnish official registers using the unique personal identification numbers. This week our focus is on the sequencing of the principal diagnosis (PDX) when patients present with anemia (Chapter 3 in ICD-10). 001. If fasting glucose is < 92mg/dl at the first antenatal visit a 2-hour 75g OGTT should be repeated at 24-28. Women with PDM. Accurate estimation of GDM prevalence is. 49 may differ. 3 years. Overt diabetes is diagnosed if fasting plasma glucose level is at least 7. 41 coding with all applicable Excludes 1 and Excludes 2 notes from the section level conveniently shown with each code. After 2011, the region changed to the. E10. Prediabetes,. ICD-10-CM Code Coding Guidelines and Documentation Type 1 Type 2 Best Practices Diabetes Mellitus without Complications E10. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM O21. Pancreatology 11:279-294, 2011. I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy provided that overt diabetes was excluded before pregnancy or at the latest in early pregnancy. E11, type 2 diabetes mellitus. 4- code, it does not imply that the pa-tient has two ulcers, one involving the heel and one involving the mid-foot. Class A2GDM refers to the clinical scenario where medications are required. Applicable To. 00, Single live born, born in hospital, delivered without mention of cesarean delivery, and V18. 6 - other international versions of ICD-10 N18. 2 may differ. You may use this feature by simply typing the keywords that you're looking for and clicking on one of the items that appear in. 4 may differ. The World Health Organization (WHO) regularly updates the ICD 10 code DM type 2 set, and codes for type 2 DM might be revised as new information emerges. 8% respectively (Taylor, Travis, Pym, Olive, & Henderson-Smart, 2005). There. The etiology of GDM is complex, with genetic and environmental factors implicated in mechanistic and epide. The code O24. E11. Diabetes mellitus type 2 w complications; Diabetes type 2 with hypoglycemia; Diabetes type 2 with hypoglycemia unawareness; Hypoglycemia due to type 2 diabetes mellitus; Insulin reactive hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. Key points 38 9. Applicable To. Applicable To. Codes. Obstet Gynecol 2005 Mar;105(3):675-85. Idiopathic small fiber peripheral neuropathy; Neuropathy (nerve damage), hereditary sensory; Notalgia paresthetica; Dominantly inherited sensory neuropathy; Morvan's disease; Nelaton's syndrome; Recessively inherited sensory neuropathy. . This is the American ICD-10-CM version of O21. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM D63. 42E11. Codes for DM Types . 419 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify a medical diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, unspecified control. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of Z51. This is due to the creation of combination codes that are greatly used in coding for diabetic conditions. Best Natural Remedy For Steady Blood Sugar and overt diabetes mellitus icd 10, Best Way To Measure Blood Sugar, plant based diet type 1 diabetes. However, the risk of developing overt diabetes within 25 years is 10 times higher in patients who have a history of GDM compared with those who do not. 90 became effective on October 1, 2023. Diabetes Mellitus . The prevalence of retinopathy is similar in diabetes mellitus secondary to chronic pancreatitis with or without pancreatectomy and in idiopathic diabetes mellitus. Subscribe to Codify by AAPC and get the code details in a flash. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Hyperglycemia. 9 or E11. Furthermore, the prevalence of normal glucose tolerance was only 39% in the patients without overt DM who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test; the rest were classified as either DM or impaired glucose tolerance. PMID:. diabetes mellitus E10- Type 1 diabetes mellitus E11- Type 2 diabetes mellitus E13- Other specified diabetes mellitus [NOTE: The first 3 characters in ICD-10 (like ICD-9) represent the “category” portion of the code. Many neuropathies caused by other conditions will be listed with the other conditions as. 9 may differ. A recent study cited the average time for progression as less than three years. Classification. The ICD-10 code range for Diabetes mellitus E08-E13 is medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). Spontaneous abortions and major congenital anomalies may be induced in the first trimester. A type 1 excludes note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as E13. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of F44. 311 may differ. If your physician treats a patient diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy, be prepared to have numerous ICD-10 code choices for your claim. Synonyms: acanthosis nigricans, acanthosis nigricans due to type 2. 73 m2 Iron deficiency anemia secondary to blood loss (chronic) D50. The code is valid during the current fiscal year for the submission of HIPAA-covered transactions from October 01, 2023 through September 30, 2024. 5 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify a medical diagnosis of hyperlipidemia, unspecified. 69 became effective on October 1, 2023. O24. This can cause decrease in oxygen supply to the foetus which can be fatal. 1 mmol/l) and/or random plasma. 2 Depending on the population sample and diagnostic criteria, the prevalence may range from 1 to 14%. In this study, Overt DM and essential HTN were defined as benign diagnosed with these conditions since1 year before delivery. Z51. 40 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Gestational diabetes also known as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose (blood sugar) levels during pregnancy (especially during their third trimester). The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on gestational diabetes mellitus: A pragmatic guide for diagnosis, management, and care. 313 became effective on October 1, 2023. 0x: Diabetes with ketoacidosis: 250. Background Despite the recommendations to continue the regime of healthy food and physical activity (PA) postpartum for women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the scientific evidence reveals that these recommendations may not be complied to. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code O24. 56% per year, respectively). ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code M08. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of O48 - other international versions of ICD-10 O48 may differ. E78. Z86. Not Coded Here. 0 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 4 - other international versions of ICD-10 F44. A type 1 excludes note is for used for when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form versus an acquired form of the same condition. 9 may differ. Your diabetes. 9 Type 1 DM with diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) Use additional code to identify CKD stage (N18. 2 - Type 2 diabetes mellitus with kidney complications. Search Results. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy ( 1 ). MODY accounts for between 2% and 5% of all diabetes cases, and distinguishing it from type 1 or type 2 diabetes is a diagnostic challenge. E02 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 3293 - other international versions of ICD-10 E11. Thyroid function may alter carbohydrate metabolism via influence of insulin, which may in terms of derangement of thyroid function and insulin function result in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). AHA ICD-10-CM Coding Clinic: Type 1. 0%, and the AUC was 0. Cui YF, Andersen DK. ICD-10 Online contains the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision) ICD-10 Version:2019. Polyneuropathy in diseases classified elsewhere. 3) Question: A 14-year-old female patient was seen in the Diabetes Clinic for a follow-up visit. Amyotrophy and/or Myasthenia* E10. 1 妊娠中の明らかな糖尿病 overt diabetes in pregnancy. The increased risk of macrosomia in GDM is mainly due to the increased insulin resistance of the mother. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM K52. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 E89. E11. 1 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Syndrome of infant of a diabetic mother. 9 Diagnosis Code: Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications. 311 may differ. Hepatic failure, unspecified with coma. 1 and a single ICD9 code, 775. N18. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) . 8 describes the manifestation of an underlying disease, not the disease itself. I. 9 may differ. E10. ; O24. Hyperemesis (ICD-10 code O21) and anemia (ICD-10 codes O990, D649, D509, D519, D529, and D539) were defined as. 9 - other international versions of ICD-10 E11. A subclass of diabetes mellitus that is not insulin-responsive or dependent (niddm). Women with gestational diabetes were identified as having gestational diabetes mellitus (ICD-10 O24. . I am looking for any information on coding Diabetes, Type 2, uncontrolled for ICD 10. 500 results found. ” Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a type of diabetes that normally. The following examples apply ICD-10-CM chapter 4, "Diabetes mellitus E08-E13," tabular list instructions and illustrate diabetes mellitus code combinations and code specificity. In the United States, about 1 in 3 people living with diabetes have diabetic nephropathy. 22 Type 2 DM with CKD Use. According to the International Diabetes Federation, hyperglycemia was widespread in 16. It means "not coded here". Methods and Results PMCID: PMC8991291 DOI: 10. ICD-10: Description: Prevalence: E11311: Type 2 diabetes mellitus with unspecified diabetic retinopathy with macular edema: 0. 70 ACOG and the ADA recommend a two-hour. 22). 42 became effective on October 1, 2023. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code E11. This section shows you chapter-specific coding guidelines to increase your understanding and correct usage of the target ICD-10-CM Volume 1 code. 0): 642 Inborn and other disorders of. Direct infection of ankle and foot in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere. Applicable To. 0 to E11. 1 may differ. Among the patients diagnosed with CTS, we selected patients who also had a primary of secondary diagnosis of DM (ICD-10 codes: E10, E11, E13, and E14) to divide our cohort into two groups. It is defined by the presence of severe hyperglycaemia associated with insufficient or no circulating insulin, occurring mainly before 6 months of age and rarely between 6 months and 1 year. Overt diabetes in pregnancy is defined as hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy which meets the diagnostic threshold of diabetes in non-pregnant. Diabetes mellitus due to underlying condition with intracapillary glomerulonephrosis Diabetes mellitus due to underlying condition with Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease neuralgia E08. The presenter told me no, she would not link them. A note at the beginning of Chapter 15 defines the timeframes for the three. 9 years. 9 became effective on October 1, 2023. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code G60. Kim Boy, RHIT, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of D50. . Diabetes can be classified into the following general categories: Type 1. It searches only titles, inclusions and the index and it works by starting to search as you type and provide you options in a dynamic dropdown list. 0 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Trying to make sure i understand the guidelines, having trouble how to capture dx. Risk of death of the baby 10%: Frequency < 1% of pregnancies. Search Results. E11. E11. The physiologic changes which occur during the reproductive cycle are vast and involve every body system. 9. 4 - Type 2 diabetes mellitus with neurological complications. Here are some examples of other Type 2 DM ICD-10 codes: E11. 649 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemia without coma. J44. ICD. E10. Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. O24. 91 - other international versions of ICD-10 K72. Short description: Diabetes due to underlying condition w/o complications The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM E08. 9 E11. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the main microvascular complications of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 1 - Hx-nutrition deficiency: Approximate Flag - The approximate mapping means there is not an exact match between the ICD-10 and ICD-9 codes and the mapped code is not a precise representation of the original code. E11. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I11. 34 and 5. Diabetic nephropathy affects the kidneys' usual work of removing waste products and extra fluid from the body. 1 mmol/L (≥92 mg/dL) 1-hour plasma glucose ≥10 mmol/L (≥180 mg/dL) 2-hour plasma glucose ≥8. 2 - other international versions of ICD-10 O21. E03. O34. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM D64. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code P70. ICD-10-CM requires . In patients with type 2 diabetes, the incidence of microalbuminuria was 2. The code is valid during the current fiscal year for the submission of HIPAA-covered transactions from October 01, 2023 through September 30, 2024. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. E11. We compared pregnancy outcomes between these groups. 32 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Class A1GDM refers to diet-controlled GDM. We investigated the association of thyroid disorders with T2D by a cohort study of the Taiwan nationwide health insurance. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM D50. 3 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic comp. 90 contain annotation back-references that may be applicable to E05. 10 became effective on October 1, 2023. Toggle navigation. Diabetes mellitus that antedates the pregnancy. 0 - other international versions of ICD-10 J81. E10. 698A contain annotation back-referencesMicroalbuminuria refers to a subclinical increase in urinary albumin excretion. It is important to note that these two original rat strains are not prone to developing overt diabetes mellitus; however, the Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat, a substrain of the obese Zucker fatty.